The monograph is devoted to the formation of ecological culture and consciousness of students in the higher school system. The paper reveals the phenomenon and concept of ecological consciousness, examines various approaches to the study of this issue. In the aspect of environmental culture and consciousness of students, the relationship with the basies of environmental education, which is developing in the system of preschool, secondary and higher education, is shown in detail. In addition to the theoretical analysis of the formation of ecological culture and individual consciousness, the authors present their own empirical results of a study conducted on a sample of students of different specialties and courses of the P. Lumumba Peoples Friendship University of Russia. The work used proven and adapted methods that allowed for a comparative analysis of the formation of environmental culture and consciousness of students in the higher education system of Russia. Such monitoring research work allows us to consider in a systematic approach the degree of impact of the biosocial environment on the formation of environmental culture and consciousness of students in the university education system, to study the features of environmental consciousness and education of young people, depending on the level of environmental knowledge and specialty. The practical output of this work can be considered the use of the proposed recommendations, which can be effective for the formation of an ecocentric worldview of future specialists in the higher education system of Russia. The publication is addressed to specialists studying environmental consciousness and youth education, teachers, psychologists, and students.