This paper describes a microclimate monitoring system consisting of a LoRaWAN network of wireless climate sensors, a data collector and analytical software. The system is a part of the ICS RAS SmartGrid Centre project for predicting building energy consumption. During the design phase, the authors considered the concept of comfort, which is involved in setting control objectives for HVAC plants. It was necessary to overcome some characteristics of the LoRaWAN protocol, such as floating data transmission period and limited intensity of sensor communication. These have been overcome by post-processing the data with Python software, using libraries numpy and scipy. The collected data was passed through an interpolation filter for synchronization, and the resulting data is freely available in dataset format on our website for all interested researchers. Additionally, weather data was collected using a local meteostation to be considered as external disturbances in analysis problems. This paper also considers an approach to passive identification of the thermal protection parameters of a building. The coronavirus lockdown period was chosen to assume the impact of visitors negligible. The parameters are supposed to be estimated by correlation analysis. The estimates obtained should be compared with the values calculated according to ISO and Russian construction standards for diagnostic reasons.