In this paper we investigate an important problem of how a person visually perceives homonymous speech elements of different language levels. The definition of these words is given and the term "homovisemes" introduced by the authors is used. In this work, we use the articulatory approach to describe and analyze speech perception by means of phonemes and visemes. We determined how interrelated parameters of words interact with each other in terms of their expression and semantic meaning; examples are given using phonetic and articulatory transcriptions. Also, we analyze the probability of such visual elements to interchange; in this case the recipient misinterprets the message. Models have been developed to represent the features of speech elements of the Russian language in a static form.