The authors of this article consider the transfer of data in pheromone networks, which are the application of molecular networks. The authors consider the types of signals that can be used in molecular networks for data transfer (information transfer by moving substances— human and animal pheromones, plant spores and pollen, etc.). The article also discusses the data transmission channel, affecting the channel additive and multiplicative interference. A review of possible interference of natural and man-made nature is made, their possible impact is considered. The article describes the design of a laboratory test bench for conducting an experiment on data transfer by moving a substance, as well as experimental results