A large number of statistical methods are being developed to solve the problem of natural gas composition analysis. Statistical models are used in these methods for determination of natural gas composition by its known physical parameters. The choice of a statistical model for the method under discussion is a difficult task. No general algorithm has been found for selecting a model for a specific task. Basic statistical models, that are often used in practice, are studied in the article. The comparative analysis of the models is carried out according to a number of important criteria for solving the discussed problem. As a result, it is concluded that the neural network model is the most effective model for the natural gas composition analysis. Recommendations are given on choosing a statistical model in the tasks of natural gas quality analysis that are similar to the problem under consideration.