Methods and results of estimates of interaction of internal and external factors of development of fuel and energy holding are considered. The internal component of development of holding consists in improvement of technological processes of production and transportation of the extracted raw materials, building of infrastructure and the providing productions, improvement of the social status of employees of the holding. The external component of development is defined by a state and the availability of the developed fields, dynamics of demand for the got natural resource, trade and political constraints. The scheme of estimation of the key factors of value creation in the medium term is considered. The expert analysis of strategic priorities of holding based on operations with mark estimates of influences is provided.