The paper invents the main principles of so called disequilibrium paradigm in a macroeconomic theory. It deals with two types of disequilibrial macrosystems, in recessional gap and inflation gap. The realities of Russian regions’ disequilibrium are discussed. The relationship between GDP growth and GDP per capita in different types of countries is under consideration. The main conclusion is that the macroeconomic realities of stagnating developed countries are not the proper example for contemporary Russian economy. The path of new industrialization is a way for stimulation of innovative activities in Russia.